16. Military Units and Their Significance

Mavale (मावळे):

• Historic Key Significance:

  The Mavales were local soldiers recruited from the Konkan region who formed the backbone of Shivaji's army. They were known for their loyalty, bravery, and knowledge of guerrilla warfare.

• Key features of Mavale costumes:

  • Lightweight and Practical: Mavale attire was designed for mobility and comfort, especially suited for the rugged terrain of the Sahyadri Mountains. They typically wore loose-fitting garments made of breathable fabrics like cotton or linen.
  • Dhoti and Kurta: The Mavale commonly wore a dhoti, a traditional Indian garment wrapped around the lower body, and a kurta, a loose-fitting shirt. The dhoti allowed for ease of movement and the kurta provided protection from the elements.
  • Turban: A turban was an essential piece of headgear for the Mavale, providing protection from the sun and rain. The turban was often tied in a distinctive style, symbolizing their Maratha identity.
  • Weapons and Accessories: Mavale carried a variety of weapons, including swords, daggers, spears, and bows and arrows. They also wore leather belts and pouches to carry supplies and ammunition.
  • Colors and Patterns: While there were no specific uniform colors or patterns, Mavale attire often featured earthy tones like brown, green, and beige, which blended in with the natural surroundings.

Peshwa (पेशवा):

• Historic Key Significance:

  The Peshwa was the prime minister and the head of the Maratha administration. Shivaji appointed his trusted aide, Balaji Vishwanath, as the first Peshwa, who played a crucial role in consolidating Maratha power post-Shivaji's era.

Nava Rasa (नव रस):

• Historic Key Significance:

  This term refers to the nine regiments or battalions in the Maratha army. Each unit specialized in different aspects of warfare and administration, ensuring a well-rounded and effective military strategy.

Bhandari (भंडारी):

• Historic Key Significance:

  Bhandaris were the Maratha troops skilled in siege warfare, responsible for capturing enemy forts and strongholds through their knowledge of fortifications.

Maratha Cavalry (मराठा घोडेस्वार):

• Historic Key Significance:

  The Maratha cavalry was one of the most effective forces during Shivaji's campaigns, known for its speed and mobility, enabling swift attacks and retreats.